AVM Spetzler-Martin Grading System

Size (largest diameter of nidus)

• ❤ cm = 1
• 3-6 cm = 2
• >6 cm = 3

Eloquence (areas of sensorimotor, language, visual, thalamus, hypothalamus, internal capsule, brain stem, cerebellar peduncles, and deep cerebellar nuclei)

• Noneloquent = 0
• Eloquent = 1

Venous Drainage

• Superficial only = 0
• Deep component = 1

Add the 3 categories to get Spetzler-Martin Grade 1-5.

emedicine

Orbital Calcifications

• retinoblastoma
• astrocytic hamartoma
• choroidal osteomas
• phthisis bulbi
• drusen
• prior retinal detachment
• retinopathy of prematurity
• Sturge-Weber
• von Hippel-Lindau
• infection: toxocara, CMV

Case Review Series